PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND GAS EXCHANGES OF FORAGE CACTUS VARIETIES (Opuntia and Nopalea) GROWN SCREEN AND IRRIGATION

Francisco Abel Lemos Alves, Djalma Cordeiro dos Santos, Sérvulo Mercier Siqueira e Silva, Marciano Arcanjo Barbosa Oliveira

Resumo


Forage cactus is a CAM-optional plant according to its water status. The objective of this study was to characterize the net photosynthesis rate (Pn), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (C), internal CO2 concentration(CO2int.), water use efficiency (WUE) and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency (CEi) of forage cactus varieties of the genus Opuntia and Nopalea grown in the Brazilian semiarid region under screen conditions and periodic irrigation. The varieties IPA-200016 (O. stricta), IPA-100003 (O. ficus indica), IPA-200008 (O. atropes), IPA-200149 (O. larreri) and IPA-100004 (N. cochenillifera) were grown under screen conditions, with 50% light reduction, and irrigated every seven days using 1/3 of total weekly evapotranspiration. Measurements were made in all cladodes, on two-year-old plants, at 6:00 a.m., 12:00 p.m., 6:00 p.m. and 0:00 a.m. with the aid of CIDBio-Science Ultra-Light CI-340®. All variables analyzed vary between genotypes and times. The varieties had the same pattern for Pn, E, C, CO2int., WUE and CEi. Gas exchange takes place at day time (optional-CAM). Assimilation of CO2 predominates at night (CAM). The loss of H2O is most evident during the day (C3). Stomatal conductance is identical to those reported for C3 and C4 plants. The IPA-200149 variety stands out in relatin to WUE and CEi in relatin to the others.


Palavras-chave


abiotic stresses; crassulacean acid metabolism-CAM; CO2 assimilation; photosynthesis-carboxylation

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Referências


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.12661/pap.2020.004

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